Speech of Dr. Hari Singh Gour
Dr. Hari Singh Gour of CP and Berar gave his speech. He enlisted different propositions from the speeches of other members, first was resolution, second was Dr. Jayakars amendment, third was frequent cry against Jinnah’s Pakistan and forth Indian States. Constituent Assembly had been rightly described as Sovereign Body. Hence it was entitled to pass any resolution, which set the basic principle of the whole constitution. He roared that the Assembly was voice of India and not the creature of British Cabinet Mission. Hence it is not bound by the conditions laid down by Cabinet mission and its sole duty was to discharge the responsibility towards people of India.
If they beg for support of Muslim League, then the House would lose its prestige and dignity. He said, “If we have a duty to the public of India that duty must and shall be performed, regardless of whether Mr. Jinnah or Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru or anybody else comes in or goes out.” After criticizing Jinnah’s Cairo trip, he further said, “If India were to be divided into Pakistan and Hindustan, how many hours will this Pakistan be free, and will not be a morsel to the surrounding powers as have been the Pakistans throughout the Musilm world.”
He further suggested in regard to elections, that there should be joint electorates, Muslims might keep their quota seats, but there should be a provision in the electorates that no member of one community should be deemed to be elected unless he polls a certain percentage of votes of the other community. Thus territorial and democratic elections should be introduced instead of communal elections.
Dr. Gour addressed the situation of the Indian States, noting that they were still lingering on the fence regarding their participation. These states requested a postponement of the Constituent Assembly until they decided to join. Their claim of holding treaties with the Crown, some of which dated back over a century. However, the Crown of England a hundred and fifty years ago was merely the voice of the British Cabinet. Therefore, those treaties were actually agreements made with the British Government of that time.
If it was wrong for the Crown to act on the advice of an Indian Cabinet, just as it had once acted on the advice of a British one. The Princes had no right to complain about the Crown choosing new advisers, rendering their treaty-based arguments futile. The British Government in India held the responsibility of protecting every state, from the largest to the smallest. The party providing protection enjoyed de facto paramountcy. Since the defense of British India had been transferred to the Interim Government, the responsibility for the security of the Princes, and thus the right of paramountcy, had passed from the British Parliament to the Interim Government.
The Indian Princes by highlighting that even if paramountcy figuratively remained with the King, it would lapse once power was transferred to India. The States would then face a choice, either to join the Interim Government or to remain isolated as subordinate entities within a free India. Waiting for a formal invitation was useless, though they were welcome to join of their own accord.
The Constituent Assembly would have the final say regarding future treaties with the Princes. Because of this, concerns over Pakistan or the Indian States should not delay their progress. He emphasized that the Assembly was not a creation of the British Government but a result of India’s growing political consciousness. The British Government was left with only two options of either of granting freedom through persuasion or facing it through force. Dr. Gour cited Lord Linlithgow’s admission that Britain no longer had the moral or political support to hold India. Ultimately, he urged the Assembly to focus on framing the constitution without constantly worrying about the opinions of the Muslim League or the British Government.
Speech of Dakshayani Velayudan
Dakshyani Velayudan gave her speech. She quoted a sentence from message of Maharaja of Cochin, “I believe in pure constitutional rule and, throughout my life, I have sedulously cultivated an attitude towards life and institutions which are antipathetic to autocracy and personal rule.” Churchill took credit of welfare and life of so-called Scheduled Castes of India. But British Government done nothing to improve the social status of the Harijans i.e. Scheduled Castes. It was Churchill again who fueled caste enmity between lower and upper caste Hindus, calling upper Caste Hindus as their oppressor. Mr. Churchill never ever planned to give protection to 70 million Harijans by taking them all to his land. But he offered to few elites from Scheduled Castes, who could afford flying to England, to come and settle in London. Harijans were Indians and they had to live in India as Indians. No one from British government would try to improve conditions of Harijans, even though they were having full power and authority, without any hindrance from upper caste Hindus. Then she roared, “Only an Independent Socialist Indian Republic can give freedom and equality of status to the Harijans. Our freedom can be obtained only from Indians and not from the British Government.”
She appealed Dr. Ambedkar personally to join the nationalist forces of India. His non-co-operation with nationalist forces of India was great tragedy for Harijans. The Harijans would be free only in a Socialist Republic India, and hence everyone should support the Resolution. People supporting amendment of Dr. Jayakar were getting their inspiration from White hall and not from people of this country. By putting this amendment Dr. Jayakar was supporting the narrative of Churchill.
In response to Somnath Lahiri, leader of communist party, she said that as per resolution development of every individual was provided. Communists instead of emancipating the Harijans, were only exploiting them. She ended her speech by saying, “I therefore hope that in the future independent India the Harijans ‘will have an honourable place as every other citizen of this land.”
As it was quarter past one, the House was adjourned till Saturday, 21.12.1946. It was fifth day where no fruitful decision was taken regarding the Resolution moved by Nehru, which was a kind of pledge. This was only due to want of some members to wait for Muslim League, which was planning to become violent for separate Pakistan, busy in spreading Hindu-phobia. It was only Congress who wanted to continue framing of Constitution without Muslim League, specifically after the unfortunate incidence of Noakhali. So called Hindu haters, believing the stories of oppression by upper caste Hindus, narrated by Britishers, were demanding to wait for League.
Some observations and lessons from speeches of the day
The narrative of original people of India based on the Aryan Invasion Theory had now been debunked by the scientific proofs.[1] But still in India there are many brainless influencers who are spreading hatred about Hindu community. If they were original people, then how Hindus conquered them? No answer. If Hindus did not allowed them to drink water for 5000 years, then how they had survived and gave birth to future generation? No answer. Not believing in Sanatan Dharma is one thing, but making baseless allegations, which are harmful to the social fabric of this nation and creating enmity about Hindus is nothing but defaming them. Well people who juggled a word and changed the whole meaning of provision in Cabinet Mission Plan and intentionally gave different copies to the members of Constituent Assembly of India and different copies to the Parliament of England, were cunning enough to spread false theory of Aryan Invasion Theory to create tension between forest dwellers and town dwellers. But some people of India, who still belief on such narrative are the real threat to the Indian society.
Hindus were not in ruling position for centuries in many areas of the South Asian Sub-continent. There was rule of Muslims for more than 1300 years in many parts when Muhammad bin Qasim established a significant presence in India in 712 CE.[2] and then British rule. Hindus were bound to pay taxes for practicing their faiths to these foreign rulers. If people of India were not Hindus, then why Shiv Lingam aged back 4000 years had found?[3] Such incidences are the proofs that residents of this land were worshippers of Shiva and Hindus worship Shiva. Why these people of India are still carrying the baggage of false narratives of Europeans and now western people?
As we can see from speech of Damber Singh Gurung, British Government intentionally kept Gurkhas ignorant and backward to sacrifice them in wars. This may be the story of every lower and backward caste, every tribe. Although there were some prominent figures which got English education, but still all these castes and tribes are socially, educationally and economically backward. This may be possibility that Britishers picked up one guy from these lower castes, backward castes, tribes; fully educate that guy and train him to work for them and kept others backward. But instead of searching the impacts of divide and rule policy of Britishers, what influential people are doing? Spreading the same British propaganda about Hindus, which were earlier called as Gentoos including Brahmins, Kshtriyas, Vaishyas, Shudras and Adivasis. Oh Man, you are now educated, but still many people in your Caste are not educated then it is not the fault of Upper Caste Hindus. It is your fault that you are not at all using your education to help your own caste people.
[1] “New DNA study debunks Aryan invasion theory”, Pratul Sharma, The Week, Dt. 6.9.2019, available at: https://www.theweek.in/news/india/2019/09/06/new-study-debunks-aryan-invasion-theory.html, last visited on 8.5.2026
[2] “Arab Rule in Sindh (711 CE – 870 CE): The First Islamic Rule in India”, Indosphere, Dt. 20.2025, available at: https://theindosphere.com/history/first-islamic-rule-indian-subcontinent/, last visited on 8.5.2026
[3] “Ancient Shivlinga Surfaces During Excavation Work For Simhastha 2028 In Ujjain; Devotees Rush To Worship – Video”, Free Press Journal, Dt. 1.5.2026, available at: https://www.freepressjournal.in/indore/ancient-shivlinga-surfaces-during-excavation-work-for-simhastha-2028-in-ujjain-devotees-rush-to-worship-video, last visited on 8.5.2026
Note: This article is completely based on Constituent Assembly Debates and only for knowledge purpose.
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CAD: Pledge to Proclaim Independence of India: Part 13
CAD: Pledge to Proclaim Independence of India: Part 14
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